
The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology in conversation with
A monthly podcast from The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology journal, where deputy editor Hugh Thomas interviews authors about their latest research. Topics range from predicting clinical outcomes in NAFLD to immunosuppressant withdrawal in Crohn's disease, antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori, and surgical versus non-surgical management of malignant bowel obstruction. The conversations explore how these studies impact people's health, healthcare, and health policy.
Episodes

Frank Ruemmele on a trial of cyclic exclusive enteral nutrition versus partial enteral nutrition to maintain remission in paediatric Crohn's disease
In children with Crohn’s disease who achieve remission through exclusive enteral nutrition, what's the optimal dietary therapy to maintain remission without the use of medication or surgery? Frank Ruemmele (Université Paris Cité) talks through the CD-Hope randomised controlled trial and its implications for clinical practice.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/

Aleksander Krag on the utility of PEth for subclassifying individuals at risk of steatotic liver disease
Steatotic liver disease labels hinge on alcohol intake, but self-report is often inaccurate. In this episode, Aleksander Krag (Odense University Hospital) discusses a large Danish study using phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a direct blood biomarker of recent drinking, showing substantial underestimation and potential reclassification from MASLD to MetALD/ALD.
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Dina Kao on a trial of lyophilised sterile faecal filtrate versus lyophilised conventional donor stool for recurrent Clostridiodes difficile infection
Can bacteria-free, sterile faecal filtrate match conventional faecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent C difficile infection? Dina Kao (University of Alberta) unpacks a landmark multicentre trial that tested this hypothesis, and we discuss what it tells us about the role of living organisms in the therapeutic effects of microbiota-based therapies.
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Premysl Bercik on a double-blind crossover trial of gluten and wheat in IBS
Do wheat or gluten trigger IBS symptoms?
We spoke to Premysl Bercik about a randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled crossover trial that challenged adults with IBS—who reported benefit from a gluten-free diet—with wheat, gluten, or a gluten-free sham to test symptom and behavioural responses.
Click here to read the full article: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(25

Julia Mayerle on the validation of plasma multimetabolite signatures for patients at risk of or with suspected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Can a multi-metabolite blood test improve early pancreatic cancer detection? We spoke to Julia Mayerle about the METAPAC study, which sought to validate the ability of plasma metabolic signatures to find resectable tumors and reduce unnecessary invasive procedures in high-risk patients.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(25)00056-1/fulltext?dgcid

Salvatore Piano on the global epidemiology of acute kidney injury in hospitalised patients with decompensated cirrhosis
How does acute kidney injury presentation and management differ globally for patients hospitalised with cirrhosis?
We spoke to Salvatore Piano, corresponding author of the landmark International Club of Ascites GLOBAL AKI study, about new data on regional variations in severity, phenotype, treatment, and outcomes across 5 continents.
Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langa

John Chia on the ASCOLT trial of adjuvant aspirin for colorectal cancer
John Chia discusses the results of the ASCOLT trial, which explored the effect of aspirin after completion of standard adjuvant therapy for patients with colorectal cancer.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00387-X/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Hannes Hagström on screening for advanced liver fibrosis alongside retina scanning in people with type 2 diabetes
Hannes Hagström discusses a study investigating the feasibility of screening for advanced liver fibrosis alongside retina scanning in people with type 2 diabetes.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00313-3/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Cathy Lu on intestinal ultrasound for assessing and monitoring Crohn’s disease small bowel strictures
Cathy Lu (University of Calgary) discusses a consensus statement on the use of intestinal ultrasound for assessing and monitoring small bowel strictures in Crohn's disease.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00265-6/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Peter De Cruz on the PREDICT-UC trial of intensified versus standard dose infliximab for steroid-refractory acute severe ulcerative colitis
Peter De Cruz (University of Melbourne) discusses the PREDICT-UC trial of intensified versus standard dose infliximab induction therapy for steroid-refractory acute severe ulcerative colitis.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00200-0?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Shahida Din and Beatriz Gros on the harms associated with receiving placebo in trials of drugs for inflammatory bowel disease
Shahida Din (Western General Hospital, Edinburgh) and Beatriz Gros (Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba) discuss two new papers on the harms associated with receiving placebo in induction and maintenance trials of biological therapies and small molecules in inflammatory bowel disease.
Read the full articles:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00264-4/fulltext?

Arndt Vogel on the NALIRICC trial of nanoliposomal irinotecan in pretreated advanced biliary tract cancer
Arndt Vogel (Toronto General Hospital) discusses the NALIRICC trial of nanoliposomal irinotecan added to fluorouracil plus leucovorin in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapies.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00119-5?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Nancy Baxter on the duration of colorectal cancer risk reduction with a complete colonoscopy
Nancy Baxter (University of Melbourne) discusses a population-based study on the duration of risk reduction in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after a complete colonoscopy.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00084-0?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Sanna Nybacka and Magnus Simrén on a trial of low FODMAP diets versus low carbohydrate diets in IBS
Sanna Nybacka and Magnus Simrén (University of Gothenburg) discuss the CARIBS randomised controlled trial of a low FODMAP diet versus a low-carbohydrate diet versus pharmacological treatment in IBS.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00045-1/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_tlv_podcast_generic_langas
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Nuru Noor on the PROFILE trial of biomarker-stratified treatment in newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease
Nuru Noor (University of Cambridge) discusses the PROFILE trial of biomarker-stratified treatment strategies in people with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(24)00034-7/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Yusuke Shimakawa on a simple score for hepatitis B treatment eligibility in Africa
Yusuke Shimakawa (Institut Pasteur) discusses the development and evaluation of a simple score for hepatitis B treatment eligibility in Africa.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00449-1?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Mads Israelsen on validating the new steatotic liver disease nomenclature in people with excessive alcohol intake
Mads Israelsen (Odense University Hospital) discusses a study to validate the new nomenclature of steatotic liver disease in patients with a history of excessive alcohol intake.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00443-0/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Louise Dye on the role of expectancy and gluten in non-coeliac gluten sensitivity
Louise Dye (University of Leeds) discusses a trial exploring the role of expectancy and gluten ingestion on symptoms in people with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00317-5/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Tzu-Chan Hong on the primary antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori in the Asia-Pacific region
Tzu-Chan Hong (National Taiwan University Cancer Centre) discusses a systematic review and meta-analysis on primary antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori between 1990 and 2022 in the Asia-Pacific region.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00281-9/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Sarah Moen on metachronous colorectal cancer risk according to Lynch syndrome pathogenic variant after colectomy
Sarah Moen (Erasmus University Medical Center) discusses a retrospective cohort study examining the risk of metachronous colorectal cancer after partial or extensive colectomy in carriers of different pathogenic Lynch syndrome variants.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00228-5/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Anna Emilie Kann on the causes of mortality in patients with alcohol-related liver disease
Anna Emilie Kann (Zealand University Hospital, Denmark) discusses a population-based study done in Denmark exploring the causes of mortality in patients with alcohol-related liver disease.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00192-9/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Robert Krouse on surgical versus non-surgical management of malignant bowel obstruction
Robert Krouse (University of Pennsylvania) discusses the pragmatic S1316 trial of surgical versus non-surgical management for patients with malignant small bowel obstruction.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00191-7/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Marc Rothenberg on a trial of benralizumab in eosinophilic gastritis
Marc Rothenberg (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine) discusses a new trial assessing the efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with eosinophilic gastritis, and how the surprising findings might change our understanding of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00145-0/fulltext?dgcid=buzz

Michael Pavlides on non-invasive tests for predicting clinical outcomes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Michael Pavlides (University of Oxford) discusses work by the LITMUS Consortium on the prognostic performance of non-invasive tests in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00017-1/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_langas
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Jasmohan Bajaj on global disparities in mortality and liver transplantation in hospitalised patients with cirrhosis
Jasmohan Bajaj (Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Veterans Healthcare System, Richmond, VA, USA), on behalf of the CLEARED Consortium, discusses a prospective observational cohort study examining global disparities in mortality and liver transplantation in hospitalised patients with cirrhosis.
Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-12

Adelina Artenie on the incidence of HIV and HCV in people who inject drugs
Adelina Artenie (University of Bristol, UK) discusses a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring the incidence of HIV and HCV among people who inject drugs, and associations with age and sex or gender.
Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(23)00018-3/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_langas_lancet
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Johan Burisch on the costs of inflammatory bowel disease in high-income settings
Johan Burisch (Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark) discusses the findings and recommendations of The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission on the cost of inflammatory bowel disease in high-income settings.
Read the Commission here:
The cost of inflammatory bowel disease in high-income settings
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Edouard Louis on the SPARE trial of infliximab or immunosuppressant withdrawal in Crohn’s disease
Edouard Louis (University Hospital CHU of Liège) discusses the SPARE randomised controlled trial of infliximab or concomitant immunosuppressant withdrawal in patients with Crohn’s disease.
Read the full article:
Withdrawal of infliximab or concomitant immunosuppressant therapy in patients with Crohn's disease on combination therapy (SPARE)
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Paula Ghaneh on the ESPAC5 trial of neoadjuvant therapy in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer
Paula Ghaneh (University of Liverpool) discusses the ESPAC5 randomised controlled trial of short-course neoadjuvant therapy compared with immediate surgery for patients with borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Read the full article:
Immediate surgery compared with short-course neoadjuvant gemcitabine plus capecitabine, FOLFIRINOX, or chemoradiotherapy in patients with borderl

Dan Turner on vedolizumab in children with IBD
Dan Turner (Shaare Zedek Medical Center) discusses the VEDOKIDS study on the safety, effectiveness, and dosing of vedolizumab in children with IBD.
Read the full article:
Outcomes, dosing, and predictors of vedolizumab treatment in children with inflammatory bowel disease (VEDOKIDS)
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Simon Baunwall on faecal microbiota transplantation for first or second Clostridioides difficile infection
Simon Baunwall (Aarhus University Hospital) discusses the EarlyFMT trial, a randomized placebo-controlled trial of faecal microbiota transplantation for first or second Clostridioides difficile infection.
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Faecal microbiota transplantation for first or second Clostridioides difficile infection (EarlyFMT)
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James Alexander on immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination in patients with IBD
James Alexander (Imperial College London) discusses the latest findings from the VIP case-control study, which is investigating COVID-19 vaccine immune responses in immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Read the full article:
COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody and T-cell responses in immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory bowel disease after the third vaccine dose (VIP)
C

Filip Knop on liraglutide for bile acid diarrhoea
Filip Knop (University of Copenhagen) discusses a trial of liraglutide versus colesevelam for the treatment of bile acid diarrhoea.
Read the full article:
Safety and efficacy of liraglutide versus colesevelam for the treatment of bile acid diarrhoea: a randomised, double-blind, active-comparator, non-inferiority clinical trial
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Edward Kim on radiation segmentectomy for unresectable very early to early stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Edward Kim (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai) discusses the single-arm RASER study of radiation segmentectomy for patients with unresectable very early to early stage hepatocellular carcinoma.
Read the full article:
Radiation segmentectomy for curative intent of unresectable very early to early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (RASER): a single-centre, single-arm study
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Joep Ijspeert on serrated polyp detection and risk of interval post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer
Joep Ijspeert (Amsterdam University Medical Center) discusses a population-based study exploring the detection of proximal serrated polyps and interval post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer risk.
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Serrated polyp detection and risk of interval post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer: a population-based study
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Elise Meima-van Praag on surgical closure for Crohn’s disease perianal fistulas
Elise Meima-van Praag (Amsterdam University Medical Centre) discusses the PISA-II trial, investigating short-term anti-TNF therapy with surgical closure versus anti-TNF therapy for perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease.
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Short-term anti-TNF therapy with surgical closure versus anti-TNF therapy in the treatment of perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease (PISA-II)
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Juan Pablo Arab on NAFLD public health policies in the Americas
Juan Pablo Arab (Catholic University of Chile) discusses the current burden of NAFLD and the landscape of public health policies related to the disease in the Americas.
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The establishment of public health policies and the burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the Americas
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Sarah Blach on hepatitis C virus epidemiology
Sarah Blach (CDA Foundation) summarises the latest analysis of global hepatitis C virus epidemiology and cascade of care by the Polaris Observatory HCV Collaborators.
Read the full article:
Global change in hepatitis C virus prevalence and cascade of care between 2015 and 2020: a modelling study
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Sunil Solomon on a minimal monitoring approach for hepatitis C virus infection
Sunil Solomon (Johns Hopkins University) discusses a study of a minimal monitoring approach for treating patients with hepatitis C virus infection.
Read the full article:
A minimal monitoring approach for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection (ACTG A5360 [MINMON]): a phase 4, open-label, single-arm trial
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Rupert Leong on oral faecal microbiota transplantation in ulcerative colitis
Rupert Leong (University of Sydney) discusses a new double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of oral faecal microbiota transplantation for patients with active ulcerative colitis.
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Lyophilised oral faecal microbiota transplantation for ulcerative colitis (LOTUS)
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Swati Patel on early-onset colorectal cancer
Swati Patel (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center) discusses the epidemiology, clinical features, biology, risk factors, and opportunities for prevention and detection of early-onset colorectal cancers.
Read the full article:
The rising tide of early-onset colorectal cancer: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, clinical features, biology, risk factors, prevention, and early detection

Emilie Breekveldt on FIT-based screening for colorectal cancer in the Netherlands
Emilie Breekveldt (Erasmus Medical Center, Netherlands) discusses a new analysis of the faecal immunochemical testing-based colorectal screening programme in the Netherlands.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(21)00368-X/fulltext
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Wendy Spearman on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in sub-Saharan Africa
Wendy Spearman (University of Cape Town) discusses a Series on the emergence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Sub-Saharan Africa and the challenges it presents.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(21)00296-X/fulltext
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Tim Vanuytsel on spore-forming probiotics in functional dyspepsia
Tim Vanuytsel (University of Leuven) discusses a new trial of spore-forming probiotics in functional dyspepsia.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(21)00226-0/fulltext
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Raymond Henderson on the economic burden of colorectal cancer
Raymond Henderson (Queen’s University Belfast) discusses a new analysis of the economic burden of colorectal cancer in Europe.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(21)00147-3/fulltext
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Sigurður Ólafsson on eliminating hepatitis C in Iceland
Sigurður Ólafsson (Landspitali University Hospital) discusses newly published results from the nationwide programme to eliminate hepatitis C virus in Iceland.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(21)00137-0/fulltext
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Caroline Ovadia on intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Caroline Ovadia (King’s College London) discusses an individual participant data meta-analysis on the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with ursodeoxycholic acid.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(21)00074-1/fulltext
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Matthew Akiyama on hepatitis C in prisons
Matthew Akiyama (Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA) discusses a Review on hepatitis C elimination among people incarcerated in prisons.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(20)30365-4/fulltext
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Monika Sarkar on reproductive health in women with liver disease
Monika Sarkar (University of California San Francisco, USA) discusses her Comment on reproductive health in women with chronic liver disease.
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https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(21)00055-8/fulltext
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